The construction of smart water conservancy projects is an important part of the construction of smart cities, which is of great significance in improving the security level of national food, water resources and ecological environment. The specific implementation process requires the use of the latest technological scientific research achievements such as information engineering, cloud computing, big data, and artificial intelligence. Through the application of new technology and technology to solve the current water conservancy problems, improve the ability to ensure water security, and accelerate the modernization of water conservancy.
1The concept of smart water conservancy
Smart water conservancy originated in the United States, and the key words for this technology application are automation, interactivity, and intelligence. The specific implementation process is to integrate the latest technological scientific research achievements such as information engineering, cloud computing, big data, artificial intelligence, etc. with the Internet to form the Internet of Things technology, so as to achieve automatic and real-time detection, recording, storage of water and its existing environment, physical Atmospheric hydrological process and element index data of other water conservancy projects, and then transmit these data to the corresponding data repository using network technology, and finally organize and analyze the data through intelligent means such as cloud computing and modeling. Analyze the results to make the best decisions, issue corresponding instructions, and enable the corresponding operators and equipment to respond effectively, so as to effectively solve various problems in water conservancy, improve the utilization rate of water resources and prevent and resist water the purpose of drought resilience. Specifically, the following three key points must be grasped during the implementation of smart water conservancy projects: (1) Adhere to the application of new information and communication technologies such as cloud computing, big data, and the Internet. (2) The management process will involve multiple disciplines and aspects, all of which require professional knowledge as support. Therefore, the whole process is a process of multi-departmental cooperation. It requires the cooperation of meteorological, hydrological, municipal and other departments to control the sky, air, ground, underground, etc. Azimuth monitoring and fusion of multi-source information. (3) Smart water conservancy projects must meet the integration and application requirements of multiple projects in the system, including forecasting, detection and analysis, and control and operation.
2 Status Quo of Smart Water Conservancy Construction in my country
At present, the Chinese society and government, especially the water conservancy department, have paid more attention to the construction of water conservancy informatization. A number of important documents on the construction of water conservancy informatization hope to achieve the purpose of promoting the development level of water conservancy modernization through the construction of smart water conservancy. Twenty years have passed since the construction of water conservancy informatization, and outstanding achievements have been made. During this period, not only the comprehensive water conservancy information collection system has been initially formed, and the network communication guarantee capability of water conservancy construction has also made significant progress. At the same time, technological means such as cloud computing and big data related to smart water conservancy have also been gradually introduced into water conservancy construction. Therefore, the water conservancy construction process in the new era has entered the gate of smart water conservancy construction, and has achieved certain results, and the overall management level of water resources has been improved. However, there is still a big gap between the current construction status and the expected goals. The main gaps are reflected in the following four aspects: (1) The current detection system of water conservancy facilities cannot realize all aspects of detection and perception, and there is a level of automation in the detection process in the specific implementation. (2) There are big differences in the development of information interconnection at all levels. Restricted by the regional network infrastructure and conditions, generally speaking, the information interconnection effect is better than that of the upper level, and the lower it is, the worse it is. Because of the low network coverage in subordinate departments, especially at the county level and below, the water conservancy business network cannot be fully connected; (3) the construction of intelligent water conservancy requires multi-departmental cooperation, and this process requires the sharing of information and data from multiple departments, but at present For example, in the construction of water conservancy informatization, there is a problem of insufficient information sharing within the water conservancy department, the subordinates and the related departments; (4) the construction of smart water conservancy is in the initial stage, and technologies such as big data and cloud computing are also preliminary applications, intelligent applications The level is not high.
3Basic requirements and advantages of smart water conservancy
3.1 Do a good job in the management of information acquisition, storage, utilization, etc.
Information is the basis for the realization of smart water conservancy construction. Therefore, it is necessary to do a good job in the management of information acquisition, storage, transmission, analysis and utilization. In the specific information management, it is the key to realize the four aspects of information diversity, perceptual integrity, information collection and information fusion. The following is a detailed analysis of these requirements: (1) Ensure the diversity of credit. Because there are many social fields involved in the construction of smart water conservancy, and the monitoring and management process involves a wide range of aspects, there is complexity and diversity in the specific implementation process. For example, in the construction of smart water conservancy, it is necessary to deal with multiple departments such as meteorology, hydrology, and municipal administration. At the same time, the water conservancy project objects monitored and managed include rivers, rivers, lakes and artificially constructed water conservancy projects. Volume 2 Groundwater GroundwaterMar. , 2021Vol.43NO.2 standard information will not be temporary, there must be contrast, so it may cover past, modern and future information, with a certain time span and a lot of data information; information transmission and storage will also use images, Different formats such as digital and video appear. (2) The integrity of information perception. In order to improve the incompleteness of current monitoring data and improve the comprehensiveness and accuracy of water conservancy information monitoring, it is necessary to further expand the scope of perception and monitoring. The specific implementation is to expand the monitoring scope of rivers, lakes and water conservancy engineering facilities. At the same time, it is necessary to continue to introduce high-tech means and equipment to improve the intelligence level of stereoscopic perception of information, such as radar and satellite. (3) Pay attention to the information collection process and results. In the process of smart water conservancy implementation, it is necessary to comprehensively gather and integrate the acquired information data and the existing database support platform and database content. Among them, the data collection platform should be established at the three levels of the water conservancy management department, the corresponding control province, and the detection watershed to achieve the unity of remote sensing image acquisition. Then the corresponding data information is processed and analyzed according to the different needs of all levels. (4) Do a good job in the information fusion management process. Take various measures and means to establish a multi-source and multi-scale information management system. For example, different types of sensors and different time or space scales are used for information measurement and acquisition, and information fusion is performed by means of multi-source image composite, image analysis and understanding.
3.2 Efficient acquisition of professional knowledge
The application process of smart water conservancy construction not only includes a variety of data information, but also uses the professional knowledge and laws of many disciplines, and many established knowledge and laws need to be analyzed and summarized by certain means. These specific means include not only traditional statistical methods, but also high-tech methods such as big data mining and artificial intelligence. (1) Big data mining methods. Big data mining refers to the use of software to realize the search, extraction, analysis and processing of corresponding knowledge in massive databases. The data in water conservancy construction has the characteristics of large amount of information, many data types, low value density, and fast update speed, which is especially suitable for the use of big data mining methods. (2) Artificial intelligence applications. The application of artificial intelligence is based on big data mining, which requires the use of data to achieve intelligence. Only artificial intelligence has the function of "instruction", which can make corresponding instructions according to the feedback results, and transmit the instructions to the corresponding equipment or machine in the form of data, so that it can make corresponding actions. Big data can only do the analysis and summary, but cannot automatically arrange actions based on the analysis results. At present, artificial intelligence has been applied in rainfall forecasting, flood forecasting and early warning, etc., and has a good application prospect.
3.3 Expand the corresponding capabilities in smart water conservancy projects
The ultimate goal of smart water conservancy construction and application is to improve the level and ability of water conservancy project management. This includes the ability to perceive hydrological attributes, the ability to simulate meteorological and hydrological phenomena, and the ability to predict future climate, etc. Therefore, these capabilities need to be improved in the construction of smart water conservancy. (1) Basin water simulation and prediction. Prediction is generally divided into flood forecasting and weather forecasting and other aspects. For example, when flood forecasting in a river basin, a corresponding hydrological simulation model should be built and the model elements and scope should be expanded according to actual needs, so as to improve the simulation ability. In weather forecasting, the forecast period of hydrological weather forecast needs to be further expanded. (2) Attach importance to water engineering safety analysis and scientific dispatching work. In the process of project planning, construction, management and operation, it is necessary to pay attention to the application of intelligent means of water conservancy projects, to find possible problems through the simulation process, to study the corresponding solution strategies, and to carry out scheduling work according to the strategy requirements. (3) Introduce an intelligent management system in the administrative management of water conservancy projects. On the basis of the construction of the smart water conservancy platform, we will further carry out upgraded supervision information preprocessing, safety production supervision, project quality supervision, etc., so as to realize the intelligentization of the administrative management of water conservancy construction and improve the intelligent management level of many projects such as asset and agency construction. (4) Intelligent service application of water conservancy information. According to the needs of the public, the corresponding intelligent information management system is established, and the corresponding water conservancy information is disclosed, so as to enhance the public's cognition and awareness of water resources management concepts such as water saving, and improve the water service level.
4 Measures to improve the effect of smart water conservancy construction in my country
4.1 Pay attention to the construction of information infrastructure
Informatization is the foundation of smart water conservancy construction, and it is also a shortcoming. In the process of realizing intelligence or informatization, corresponding equipment is required as support. Therefore, in the construction of smart water conservancy in the new era, we must pay attention to the construction of information infrastructure, and realize the three-dimensional and efficient monitoring of information such as water safety, water resources and environmental environment. At present, the most important work is to improve the construction of network system components to ensure that the network environment conditions required for all-round detection meet the requirements. At the same time, it is equipped with equipment and software that meet the needs of modernization to escort the development of smart water conservancy.
4.2 Strengthening the construction of knowledge system
(1) Increase the research on artificial intelligence methods, and gradually realize artificial intelligence algorithms, so as to ensure the accuracy of simulation work and prediction work in smart water conservancy construction; (2) Pay attention to the research and development of knowledge acquisition models. For example, developing a hydrological model to simulate and predict hydrological variables, building a full-scale water model, and accurately judging and predicting the overall changes in my country's water resources in the future, so as to facilitate timely measures to improve the utilization rate of water resources and reduce the occurrence of drought disasters. (3) Focus on the construction of basin water simulation and forecasting system, water engineering safety analysis and scientific dispatching system, water administrative management intelligent system, and water information service intelligent system as the core.
5 Epilogue
To sum up, in the new era, the society and the government have raised the requirements and standards for the construction of smart water conservancy information. Therefore, as a water conservancy construction management unit and personnel, we must recognize the severity of the situation, actively introduce advanced science and technology into the construction of water conservancy projects, improve the intelligent level of construction management, speed up the process of smart water conservancy construction, and promote the development of water conservancy modernization. .
