Forest fire is the most dangerous enemy of forest and the most terrifying disaster of forestry, which will bring the most harmful and destructive consequences to forest. But with global warming, forest fires have become one of the world's most important forestry disasters, which occur every year, causing great loss of forestry resources and global environmental pollution. The forests are generally located in remote areas, with high mountains and long roads, and deep forests. In the daily inspection and maintenance, even if the inspection is carried out once a week, a lot of manpower and material resources are required. In the process of artificial inspection, there may also be situations such as untimely and passive sabotage. Therefore, the use of high-tech means to realize inspection and supervision and eliminate disasters in the bud has highlighted its necessity.
Forest fire prevention wireless monitoring system mainly includes: front-end video acquisition, wireless transmission part and monitoring center display storage, solar power supply system, iron tower, lightning protection system, fire protection software and positioning. The wireless transmission part consists of wireless network, high-gain antenna, lightning arrester, and waterproof system.
1. Wireless transmission function
The safe and stable wireless network (close-range and long-distance transmission) is an important link throughout the entire system. All signal transmission is completed through the 4G/5G network. The algorithm used in signal transmission is the key to the response speed of the entire system.
2. Solar power supply, lightning protection, iron tower function
●The power supply ensures that the system can supply uninterrupted power for 24 hours in an all-weather environment.
The lightning protection system can effectively protect the safe operation of electronic equipment and greatly reduce the probability of lightning strikes.
The iron tower part provides the camera with a wide capture angle and field of view, and provides the wireless transmission part with the transmission conditions of line-of-sight and unobstructed.
3. Forest fire monitoring
●Using the fog-penetrating cameras, fog-penetrating lenses and other equipment installed at the front end to realize all-weather uninterrupted fire monitoring in the forest area.
4. Forest fire identification and forest fire location
●When the surveillance camera captures the forest fire or smoke, the system will automatically issue a warning to the duty personnel in the command center, who will confirm the fire situation and the location of the fire point, and issue the alarm information through the SMS platform. The azimuth and pitch angles of the camera are sent back through the front-end digital pan/tilt, and the latitude and longitude of the fire point is automatically calculated by the geographic information system and positioned on the electronic map.
5. Control Center
●Monitoring image display: It can display the image of the front-end monitoring point in real time according to the multi-screen, and can flexibly control and switch.
●Flexible control: Using the monitoring management software, the operator can flexibly control the rotation of the PTZ, the zoom of the camera, etc., and can also control the front-end monitoring equipment through various modes such as PTZ preset and polling.
●Image storage and playback: The video images of all the collection points can be recorded and stored in the whole process, which can meet the storage requirements of 7×24 hours. And it can query and play back historical images, and complete the query, retrieval and playback of monitoring image data according to conditions such as time, date, and code of front-end monitoring points.
6. System security management
System security management includes two aspects. The first is equipment safety management. The front-end monitoring points are equipped with anti-theft cameras, infrared detectors and other equipment, with anti-theft alarm functions, which can be reported to the command center in the event of theft or damage; Access control functions and audit functions ensure the safe and reliable use of the system.
7. Remote management
The main equipment supports the remote network management and upgrade function, and the parameters and settings of the main equipment can be managed at the remote end through the network.
System topology
The forest area is monitored 24 hours a day through cameras and various sensors, and the monitoring data is transmitted to the management platform for analysis through 4G/5G data transmission terminals.
●Once a fire is confirmed, the management personnel can be notified as soon as possible.
●Quickly locate the fire area according to the GIS map information.
●According to environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, wind power, wind direction, etc., the possible spread of fire and the speed of fire spread can be deduced, providing a strong scientific basis for rescue, decision-making and command.
●The system will automatically generate multiple disaster relief routes for the fire area according to the GIS map for the reference of disaster relief personnel, so as to arrive at the scene safely and quickly.
●Check the extinguished area for dark fire to eliminate hidden dangers.
●After the fire rescue is completed, the system will evaluate the damage caused by the fire to personnel, property, forest vegetation, and natural environment according to the area of the fire combined with the GIS map, and automatically generate a fire report.
